It pays to memorize the NFL rule book cover to cover.
Piling on to the Syracuse QB speedy decision laugher video provided by FLCF, here are two historical examples of a two HC's calling quick timeouts and the referee's deciding differently. I did watch both games, incidentally. The Referee's decisions had nothing to to with the team pedigrees, HC names, etc. It was just one descending team having a really bad day and the second ascending team getting a lucky break.
profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2015/11/08/nfl-may-re-think-lack-of-penalties-for-consecutive-timeouts/In the first example, Joe Gibbs in his last year as Redskins HC, called a TO to stop the clock and ice the Kicker. All good. Gibbs has 1 TO remaining. About 30 seconds of dead clock ball time passes. Then, Gibbs does the
old fogey thing. With no time run off the dead ball clock, Gibbs calls a 2nd TO to again ice the Kicker. Ding, ding, ding! A yellow hanky goes flying. The rule book states that calling consecutive timeouts is an intentional delay of game, resulting in a 15-yard penalty! Gibbs was stunned. The DC hometown crowd booed Gibbs like crazy. The opposition easily made the point-blank FG try. Game over.
www.espn.com/blog/nflnation/post/_/id/186003/why-the-seahawks-werent-penalized-for-calling-consecutive-timeoutsIn the second example, Seahawks HC Pete Carroll called a 2nd consecutive TO to stop the clock because of too many men on the field--that would result in a 5-yard penalty--and coincidentally, just prior to the opposition's FG try. However, instead of a delay of game penalty, the Referee calls a TO on himself, and then walks over to explain the no TOs left situation to the Seattle HC. Carroll is no dummy. The Referee technically stopped the field clock to explain the rule. No penalty is called because of Carroll's TO decision on the 12th man. Carroll got a 4th TO charged to the Referee. The 12th man got off off the field safely, and Carroll doesn't have to pay yardage. A very smart call, Coach! Very smart call.
www.espn.com/blog/nflnation/post/_/id/186003/why-the-seahawks-werent-penalized-for-calling-consecutive-timeouts"NFL rule 4, Section 5, Item 3 prohibits consecutive timeouts within the same dead ball period for the same team. Referees are instructed to not grant the timeout and allow play to continue." The rule typically applies to FG tries. A Referee TO is free. The effect is the same.
I am unsure if the NFL Competition Committee adjusted the rule after Carroll's shenanigan in 2018. I'm researching if the NFL Competition Committee ever adjusted the Rule Book.